{"id":634,"date":"2023-11-14T19:10:08","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T19:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agrismartgreen.com\/uncategorized\/measuring-stations-sdi12-sensors-in-the-field-village-pilot-network\/"},"modified":"2023-11-30T10:29:28","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T10:29:28","slug":"measuring-stations-sdi12-sensors-in-the-field-village-pilot-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrismartgreen.com\/en\/soil-moisture\/measuring-stations-sdi12-sensors-in-the-field-village-pilot-network\/","title":{"rendered":"Measuring stations, SDI12 sensors in the Mez\u0151falva pilot network"},"content":{"rendered":"

Measuring stations, SDI12 sensors in the Mez\u0151falva pilot network<\/strong><\/p>\n

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In the area of Mez\u0151falvai ZRT, 77 measuring stations were installed to monitor meteorological, environmental and soil data in support of the pilot data collection within the framework of the GINOP PLUSZ-2.1.1-21-2022-00229 project.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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A detailed description of the pilot monitoring can be found in the publication “A unique solution for crop production with IoT systems for a secure harvest”.<\/p>\n

The measuring stations were deployed in several sensor configurations in the production plots of wheat, sunflower, maize, sugar beet, at the GNSS points precisely defined by the experiment’s technical management.<\/p>\n

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The 1. Figure 3 shows the configuration of a measuring station installed in a wheat plot.<\/p>\n

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The visible subunits above the surface are 1. as indicated in Figure 5:<\/p>\n

\u2776 TBS-12S data logger with solar panel and built-in battery<\/p>\n

\u2777 Leaf moisture meter<\/p>\n

\u2778 Meter ATMOS14 air temperature and humidity sensor (TRH)<\/p>\n

\u2779 Cable junction box<\/p>\n

\u277a Polycarbonate bird repellent spikes<\/p>\n

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1. Figure 1 Wheat vegetation monitoring station<\/p><\/div>\n

From Figure 1 does not show soil sensors installed in the soil at 5 different depths. Figure 2 shows a demonstration photograph of the monitoring station, including the soil sensors used.<\/p>\n

The 5 types of soil moisture sensors installed in the soil are shown in Figure 2. as indicated in the figure:<\/p>\n

\u2776 2 pcs Meter Teros21v2 soil tensiometer<\/p>\n

\u2777 2 Acclima TDR315 volumetric soil moisture sensors<\/p>\n

\u2778 1 Acclima TDR310 volumetric soil moisture sensor<\/p>\n

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2. Figure<\/p><\/div>\n

Measuring station configurations<\/u><\/p>\n

In total, there are nearly 400 SDI12 sensors in 77 measuring stations, in six different sensor configurations, as shown below:<\/p>\n

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MST1: Meteorological Station located in the centre of the site, with sensors installed (Figure 3):<\/p>\n

Meter ATMOS41 integrated sensor with bird spike,<\/p>\n

Apogee SQ521 PAR sensor,<\/p>\n

Truebner SMT100 soil sensor<\/p>\n

MST2: Meteorological station located on the corner of the site, with integrated sensor:<\/p>\n

Meter ATMOS41 integrated sensor with bird spike,<\/p>\n

MST3: Soil moisture monitoring station:<\/p>\n

5 soil moisture sensors of the types described above<\/p>\n

MST4: Indoor temperature and humidity station:<\/p>\n

Meter ATMOS14 TRH<\/p>\n

MST5: Combined canopy and soil moisture monitor station 1:<\/p>\n

5 soil moisture sensors,<\/p>\n

1 meter ATMOS14 TRH sensor<\/p>\n

MST6: Combined canopy and soil moisture monitoring station 2:<\/p>\n

5 soil moisture sensors,<\/p>\n

1db Meter ATMOS14 TRH,<\/p>\n

1 Tekbox LWS01 leaf moisture sensor<\/p>\n

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3. Figure 1 Meteorological station with MST1 configuration<\/p><\/div>\n

Description of components, sensors<\/strong><\/p>\n

TBS-12S data logger<\/u><\/p>\n

The Tekbox data logger can handle sensors with SDI12 protocol and can configure up to 40 SDI12 commands. The data logger can be registered to a LoRaWAN network, has a configurable sampling time of 1min – 24 hours and can be used for sampling during the whole growing season with solar power.<\/p>\n

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Meter ATMOS14 Air temperature and humidity sensor<\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication bus<\/p>\n

Four parameters are transmitted to the data collector:<\/p>\n

Air temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

Air relative humidity (%)<\/p>\n

Air pressure (kPa)<\/p>\n

Vapour pressure from which the dew point can be calculated (kPa)<\/p>\n

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4. Figure ATMOS14 Air temperature and humidity sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

LWS01 leaf moisture sensor <\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication bus<\/p>\n

Two parameters are transmitted to the data collector:<\/p>\n

Relative leaf humidity (0-100%)<\/p>\n

Sensor internal temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

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5. Figure LWS1 leaf moisture sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

Acclima TDR 310, 315 soil moisture sensors<\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication bus<\/p>\n

Five parameters are transmitted to the data collector:<\/p>\n

Volumetric soil moisture (%),<\/p>\n

Soil temperature (\u00b0C),<\/p>\n

Permittivity<\/p>\n

Bulk EC (\u00b5S\/cm)<\/p>\n

Pore EC (\u00b5S\/cm)<\/p>\n

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6. Figure Acclima TDR-315H volumetric soil moisture sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

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7. Figure Acclima TDR-310S volumetric soil moisture sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

Meter Teros21v2 tensiometer<\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication line<\/p>\n

Two parameters are transmitted to the data collector:<\/p>\n

Matrix tensiometry value (0…..-10.000 kPa)<\/p>\n

Soil temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

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8. Figure Meter T21v2 soil tension sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

Weather station sensor inventory<\/strong><\/p>\n

Meter ATMOS41 integrated meteorological sensor<\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication bus<\/p>\n

18 parameters are transmitted to the data logger:<\/p>\n

Air temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

Vapour pressure (kPa)<\/p>\n

Air pressure (kPa)<\/p>\n

Relative humidity (%)<\/p>\n

Precipitation (mm)<\/p>\n

Wind speed (m\/s)<\/p>\n

Wind gust (m\/s)<\/p>\n

Wind direction (degrees)<\/p>\n

Humidity sensor temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

Sunshine Intensity (W\/m2<\/sup>)<\/p>\n

Number of lightning strikes<\/p>\n

Distance to lightning strikes (km)<\/p>\n

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9. Figure A Meter ATMOS41 integrated meteorological sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

Apogee SQ521 PAR (photosynthetic radiation) sensor <\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication line<\/p>\n

Two parameters are transmitted to the data collector:<\/p>\n

Photosynthetic radiation intensity (\u00b5mol\/m2\/sec<\/sup>)<\/p>\n

Sensor tilt (degrees)<\/p>\n

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10. Apogee Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensor (PAR)<\/p><\/div>\n

Truebner TDR100 soil moisture sensor<\/u><\/p>\n

Device available on SDI12 communication line<\/p>\n

Three parameters are transmitted to the data logger:<\/p>\n

Soil moisture (%)<\/p>\n

Soil temperature (\u00b0C)<\/p>\n

Pole voltage (V)<\/p>\n

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11. Figure Truebner SMT-100 volumetric soil moisture sensor<\/p><\/div>\n

The meteorological measuring station will remain in the field all year round, while the attached SMT-100 soil moisture meter will measure the soil temperature throughout the entire period. In the spring sowing period, when the measuring stations are not yet installed in the plots, knowledge of soil temperature is important.<\/p>\n

The other measuring stations with the configured set of sensors will be placed in the pilot plots after sowing.<\/p>\n

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Using SDI12 sensors<\/strong><\/p>\n

The SDI12 bus is a 3-wire 1200 baud sensor specific bus system with a rather slow data rate but high noise immunity. 62 sensors can be connected to the bus, with a nominal cable distance of 60m, but if only a few sensors are used on the bus, it will remain operational over hundreds of meters of cable. The communication on the bus is visualised in a way that is visually understandable and easy to decode. ASCII encoding is used.<\/p>\n

Advantages:<\/u> the bus consists of 3 wires, easier wiring and troubleshooting in case of multiple sensors.<\/p>\n

Each sensor is equipped with a microcomputer that sends the measured values to the data logger, calibrated if necessary or, in some cases, converted according to an externally specified function.<\/p>\n

Digital data transmission ensures lossless signal transmission.<\/p>\n

Disadvantage:<\/u> special knowledge and tools are needed to program and service the system.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Example<\/strong><\/p>\n

Let’s see how data transmission is done in practice with an Acclima TDR315 sensor programmed to address “1”.<\/p>\n

The measurement cycle of a package:<\/p>\n